Added Solution for 2020 day 16

2023-04-11 21:32:32 +02:00 · 2023-04-11 21:32:32 +02:00 · e71b1b62fb
commit e71b1b62fb
parent 5728d1c5d3
5 changed files with 480 additions and 0 deletions
--- a/2020/day16_ticket_translation/Cargo.toml
+++ b/2020/day16_ticket_translation/Cargo.toml
@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+[package]
+name = "day16_ticket_translation"
+version = "0.1.0"
+edition = "2021"
+
+# See more keys and their definitions at https://doc.rust-lang.org/cargo/reference/manifest.html
+
+[dependencies]
--- a/2020/day16_ticket_translation/challenge.txt
+++ b/2020/day16_ticket_translation/challenge.txt
@ -0,0 +1,83 @@
+As you're walking to yet another connecting flight, you realize that one of the legs of your re-routed trip coming up is on a high-speed train. However, the train ticket you were given is in a language you don't understand. You should probably figure out what it says before you get to the train station after the next flight.
+
+Unfortunately, you can't actually *read* the words on the ticket. You can, however, read the numbers, and so you figure out *the fields these tickets must have* and *the valid ranges* for values in those fields.
+
+You collect the *rules for ticket fields*, the *numbers on your ticket*, and the *numbers on other nearby tickets* for the same train service (via the airport security cameras) together into a single document you can reference (your puzzle input).
+
+The *rules for ticket fields* specify a list of fields that exist *somewhere* on the ticket and the *valid ranges of values* for each field. For example, a rule like `class: 1-3 or 5-7` means that one of the fields in every ticket is named `class` and can be any value in the ranges `1-3` or `5-7` (inclusive, such that `3` and `5` are both valid in this field, but `4` is not).
+
+Each ticket is represented by a single line of comma-separated values. The values are the numbers on the ticket in the order they appear; every ticket has the same format. For example, consider this ticket:
+
+```
+.--------------------------------------------------------.
+| ????: 101    ?????: 102   ??????????: 103     ???: 104 |
+|                                                        |
+| ??: 301  ??: 302             ???????: 303      ??????? |
+| ??: 401  ??: 402           ???? ????: 403    ????????? |
+'--------------------------------------------------------'
+
+```
+
+Here, `?` represents text in a language you don't understand. This ticket might be represented as `101,102,103,104,301,302,303,401,402,403`; of course, the actual train tickets you're looking at are *much* more complicated. In any case, you've extracted just the numbers in such a way that the first number is always the same specific field, the second number is always a different specific field, and so on - you just don't know what each position actually means!
+
+Start by determining which tickets are *completely invalid*; these are tickets that contain values which *aren't valid for any field*. Ignore *your ticket* for now.
+
+For example, suppose you have the following notes:
+
+```
+class: 1-3 or 5-7
+row: 6-11 or 33-44
+seat: 13-40 or 45-50
+
+your ticket:
+7,1,14
+
+nearby tickets:
+7,3,47
+40,4,50
+55,2,20
+38,6,12
+
+```
+
+It doesn't matter which position corresponds to which field; you can identify invalid *nearby tickets* by considering only whether tickets contain *values that are not valid for any field*. In this example, the values on the first *nearby ticket* are all valid for at least one field. This is not true of the other three *nearby tickets*: the values `4`, `55`, and `12` are are not valid for any field. Adding together all of the invalid values produces your *ticket scanning error rate*: `4 + 55 + 12` = *`71`*.
+
+Consider the validity of the *nearby tickets* you scanned. *What is your ticket scanning error rate?*
+
+Your puzzle answer was `23954`.
+
+\--- Part Two ---
+----------
+
+Now that you've identified which tickets contain invalid values, *discard those tickets entirely*. Use the remaining valid tickets to determine which field is which.
+
+Using the valid ranges for each field, determine what order the fields appear on the tickets. The order is consistent between all tickets: if `seat` is the third field, it is the third field on every ticket, including *your ticket*.
+
+For example, suppose you have the following notes:
+
+```
+class: 0-1 or 4-19
+row: 0-5 or 8-19
+seat: 0-13 or 16-19
+
+your ticket:
+11,12,13
+
+nearby tickets:
+3,9,18
+15,1,5
+5,14,9
+
+```
+
+Based on the *nearby tickets* in the above example, the first position must be `row`, the second position must be `class`, and the third position must be `seat`; you can conclude that in *your ticket*, `class` is `12`, `row` is `11`, and `seat` is `13`.
+
+Once you work out which field is which, look for the six fields on *your ticket* that start with the word `departure`. *What do you get if you multiply those six values together?*
+
+Your puzzle answer was `453459307723`.
+
+Both parts of this puzzle are complete! They provide two gold stars: \*\*
+
+At this point, you should [return to your Advent calendar](/2020) and try another puzzle.
+
+If you still want to see it, you can [get your puzzle input](16/input).
--- a/2020/day16_ticket_translation/src/lib.rs
+++ b/2020/day16_ticket_translation/src/lib.rs
@ -0,0 +1,108 @@
+use core::fmt::Display;
+use std::num::ParseIntError;
+
+#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq)]
+pub enum ParseError {
+    ParseIntError(std::num::ParseIntError),
+    LineMalformed(String),
+}
+
+impl From<ParseIntError> for ParseError {
+    fn from(value: ParseIntError) -> Self {
+        Self::ParseIntError(value)
+    }
+}
+
+impl Display for ParseError {
+    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
+        match self {
+            Self::ParseIntError(e) => write!(f, "Unable to parse into integer: {e}"),
+            Self::LineMalformed(v) => write!(f, "Line is malformed: {v}"),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+struct Requirement {
+    is_departure: bool,
+    left_range: (usize, usize),
+    right_range: (usize, usize),
+}
+
+impl TryFrom<&str> for Requirement {
+    type Error = ParseError;
+
+    fn try_from(value: &str) -> Result<Self, Self::Error> {
+        let components: Vec<_> = value.split(&[' ', '-']).collect();
+        if !(6..=7).contains(&components.len()) {
+            return Err(Self::Error::LineMalformed(value.to_string()));
+        }
+
+        Ok(Self { 
+            is_departure: components[0] == "departure",
+            left_range: (components[components.len()-5].parse()?, components[components.len()-4].parse()?), 
+            right_range: (components[components.len()-2].parse()?, components[components.len()-1].parse()?), 
+        })
+    }
+}
+
+impl Requirement {
+    fn is_valid(&self, value: usize) -> bool {
+        (self.left_range.0..=self.left_range.1).contains(&value) || (self.right_range.0..=self.right_range.1).contains(&value)
+    }
+}
+
+pub fn run(input: &str) -> Result<(usize, usize), ParseError> {
+    let parts: Vec<_> = input.split("\n\n").collect();
+    let mut requirements: Vec<_> = parts[0].lines().map(Requirement::try_from).collect::<Result<Vec<_>, _>>()?;
+    let mine: Vec<_> = parts[1].lines().nth(1).unwrap().split(',').map(|n| n.parse::<usize>()).collect::<Result<Vec<_>, _>>()?;
+    let nearby: Vec<_> = parts[2].lines().skip(1).map(|line| line.split(',').map(|n| n.parse::<usize>()).collect::<Result<Vec<_>, _>>()).collect::<Result<Vec<_>, _>>()?;
+    let first = nearby.iter().map(|ticket| ticket.iter().filter(|value| !requirements.iter().any(|r| r.is_valid(**value))).sum::<usize>()).sum();
+    let valid: Vec<_> = nearby.iter().filter(|ticket| ticket.iter().all(|value| requirements.iter().any(|r| r.is_valid(*value)))).collect();
+    let mut undecided_fields: Vec<_> = (0..requirements.len()).collect();
+    let mut departure_fields = Vec::new();
+    while requirements.iter().any(|req| req.is_departure) {
+        let mut possible = Vec::new();
+        undecided_fields.iter().for_each(|field_idx| {
+            possible.push((*field_idx, requirements.iter().enumerate().filter(|(_req_idx, req)| req.is_valid(mine[*field_idx]) && valid.iter().all(|ticket| req.is_valid(ticket[*field_idx]))).map(|(req_idx, _req)| req_idx).collect::<Vec<_>>()));
+        });
+        let pos_idx = if let Some(pos) = possible.iter().position(|(_field_idx, reqs)| reqs.len() == 1) {
+            pos
+        } else if let Some(req_id) = (0..requirements.len()).find(|req_idx| possible.iter().filter(|(_field_idx, reqs)| reqs.contains(&req_idx)).count() == 1) {
+            possible.iter().position(|(_field_id, reqs)| reqs.contains(&req_id)).unwrap()
+        } else {
+            panic!("Unable to discard any possibilities");
+        };
+
+        let field_idx = possible[pos_idx].0;
+        let req_idx = possible[pos_idx].1[0];
+        if requirements[req_idx].is_departure {
+            departure_fields.push(field_idx);
+        }
+        undecided_fields.remove(undecided_fields.binary_search(&field_idx).unwrap());
+        requirements.remove(req_idx);
+    }
+    let second = mine.iter().enumerate().filter(|(idx, _val)| departure_fields.contains(&&idx)).map(|(_idx, val)| val).product();
+    Ok((first, second))
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::*;
+    use std::fs::read_to_string;
+
+    fn read_file(name: &str) -> String {
+        read_to_string(name).expect(&format!("Unable to read file: {name}")[..]).trim().to_string()
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_sample() {
+        let sample_input = read_file("tests/sample_input");
+        assert_eq!(run(&sample_input), Ok((71, 132)));
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_challenge() {
+        let challenge_input = read_file("tests/challenge_input");
+        assert_eq!(run(&challenge_input), Ok((23954, 453459307723)));
+    }
+}
--- a/2020/day16_ticket_translation/tests/challenge_input
+++ b/2020/day16_ticket_translation/tests/challenge_input
@ -0,0 +1,267 @@
+departure location: 28-787 or 804-964
+departure station: 41-578 or 594-962
+departure platform: 50-718 or 733-949
+departure track: 27-846 or 862-949
+departure date: 50-241 or 249-957
+departure time: 44-81 or 104-972
+arrival location: 45-292 or 299-954
+arrival station: 46-650 or 657-974
+arrival platform: 42-396 or 405-953
+arrival track: 42-871 or 886-973
+class: 31-808 or 829-964
+duration: 39-909 or 935-969
+price: 49-350 or 364-970
+route: 44-251 or 264-959
+row: 50-539 or 556-952
+seat: 45-624 or 630-951
+train: 28-283 or 290-960
+type: 44-334 or 340-951
+wagon: 43-699 or 716-961
+zone: 42-668 or 688-958
+
+your ticket:
+131,67,137,61,149,107,109,79,71,127,173,157,167,139,151,163,59,53,113,73
+
+nearby tickets:
+436,66,560,233,594,569,437,864,15,350,199,146,265,166,666,490,494,689,170,869
+744,207,488,829,776,123,949,327,308,219,624,600,337,197,941,502,305,659,77,63
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--- a/2020/day16_ticket_translation/tests/sample_input
+++ b/2020/day16_ticket_translation/tests/sample_input
@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+departure class: 0-1 or 4-19
+departure row: 0-5 or 8-19
+seat: 0-13 or 16-19
+
+your ticket:
+11,12,13
+
+nearby tickets:
+3,9,18
+15,1,5
+5,14,9
+3,17,20
+9,27,7
+24,3,0