diff --git a/2023/day23_a_long_walk/Cargo.toml b/2023/day23_a_long_walk/Cargo.toml new file mode 100644 index 0000000..b8b7ef8 --- /dev/null +++ b/2023/day23_a_long_walk/Cargo.toml @@ -0,0 +1,15 @@ +[package] +name = "day23_a_long_walk" +version = "0.1.0" +edition = "2021" + +# See more keys and their definitions at https://doc.rust-lang.org/cargo/reference/manifest.html + +[dependencies] + +[dev-dependencies] +criterion = "0.5.1" + +[[bench]] +name = "test_benchmark" +harness = false diff --git a/2023/day23_a_long_walk/challenge.txt b/2023/day23_a_long_walk/challenge.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..5b24794 --- /dev/null +++ b/2023/day23_a_long_walk/challenge.txt @@ -0,0 +1,119 @@ +The Elves resume water filtering operations! Clean water starts flowing over the edge of Island Island. + +They offer to help *you* go over the edge of Island Island, too! Just hold on tight to one end of this impossibly long rope and they'll lower you down a safe distance from the massive waterfall you just created. + +As you finally reach Snow Island, you see that the water isn't really reaching the ground: it's being *absorbed by the air* itself. It looks like you'll finally have a little downtime while the moisture builds up to snow-producing levels. Snow Island is pretty scenic, even without any snow; why not take a walk? + +There's a map of nearby hiking trails (your puzzle input) that indicates *paths* (`.`), *forest* (`#`), and steep *slopes* (`^`, `>`, `v`, and `<`). + +For example: + +``` +#.##################### +#.......#########...### +#######.#########.#.### +###.....#.>.>.###.#.### +###v#####.#v#.###.#.### +###.>...#.#.#.....#...# +###v###.#.#.#########.# +###...#.#.#.......#...# +#####.#.#.#######.#.### +#.....#.#.#.......#...# +#.#####.#.#.#########v# +#.#...#...#...###...>.# +#.#.#v#######v###.###v# +#...#.>.#...>.>.#.###.# +#####v#.#.###v#.#.###.# +#.....#...#...#.#.#...# +#.#########.###.#.#.### +#...###...#...#...#.### +###.###.#.###v#####v### +#...#...#.#.>.>.#.>.### +#.###.###.#.###.#.#v### +#.....###...###...#...# +#####################.# + +``` + +You're currently on the single path tile in the top row; your goal is to reach the single path tile in the bottom row. Because of all the mist from the waterfall, the slopes are probably quite *icy*; if you step onto a slope tile, your next step must be *downhill* (in the direction the arrow is pointing). To make sure you have the most scenic hike possible, *never step onto the same tile twice*. What is the longest hike you can take? + +In the example above, the longest hike you can take is marked with `O`, and your starting position is marked `S`: + +``` +#S##################### +#OOOOOOO#########...### +#######O#########.#.### +###OOOOO#OOO>.###.#.### +###O#####O#O#.###.#.### +###OOOOO#O#O#.....#...# +###v###O#O#O#########.# +###...#O#O#OOOOOOO#...# +#####.#O#O#######O#.### +#.....#O#O#OOOOOOO#...# +#.#####O#O#O#########v# +#.#...#OOO#OOO###OOOOO# +#.#.#v#######O###O###O# +#...#.>.#...>OOO#O###O# +#####v#.#.###v#O#O###O# +#.....#...#...#O#O#OOO# +#.#########.###O#O#O### +#...###...#...#OOO#O### +###.###.#.###v#####O### +#...#...#.#.>.>.#.>O### +#.###.###.#.###.#.#O### +#.....###...###...#OOO# +#####################O# + +``` + +This hike contains `*94*` steps. (The other possible hikes you could have taken were `90`, `86`, `82`, `82`, and `74` steps long.) + +Find the longest hike you can take through the hiking trails listed on your map. *How many steps long is the longest hike?* + +Your puzzle answer was `2222`. + +\--- Part Two --- +---------- + +As you reach the trailhead, you realize that the ground isn't as slippery as you expected; you'll have *no problem* climbing up the steep slopes. + +Now, treat all *slopes* as if they were normal *paths* (`.`). You still want to make sure you have the most scenic hike possible, so continue to ensure that you *never step onto the same tile twice*. What is the longest hike you can take? + +In the example above, this increases the longest hike to `*154*` steps: + +``` +#S##################### +#OOOOOOO#########OOO### +#######O#########O#O### +###OOOOO#.>OOO###O#O### +###O#####.#O#O###O#O### +###O>...#.#O#OOOOO#OOO# +###O###.#.#O#########O# +###OOO#.#.#OOOOOOO#OOO# +#####O#.#.#######O#O### +#OOOOO#.#.#OOOOOOO#OOO# +#O#####.#.#O#########O# +#O#OOO#...#OOO###...>O# +#O#O#O#######O###.###O# +#OOO#O>.#...>O>.#.###O# +#####O#.#.###O#.#.###O# +#OOOOO#...#OOO#.#.#OOO# +#O#########O###.#.#O### +#OOO###OOO#OOO#...#O### +###O###O#O###O#####O### +#OOO#OOO#O#OOO>.#.>O### +#O###O###O#O###.#.#O### +#OOOOO###OOO###...#OOO# +#####################O# + +``` + +Find the longest hike you can take through the surprisingly dry hiking trails listed on your map. *How many steps long is the longest hike?* + +Your puzzle answer was `6590`. + +Both parts of this puzzle are complete! They provide two gold stars: \*\* + +At this point, you should [return to your Advent calendar](/2023) and try another puzzle. + +If you still want to see it, you can [get your puzzle input](23/input). \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/2023/day23_a_long_walk/src/lib.rs b/2023/day23_a_long_walk/src/lib.rs new file mode 100644 index 0000000..30eab5b --- /dev/null +++ b/2023/day23_a_long_walk/src/lib.rs @@ -0,0 +1,250 @@ +use core::fmt::Display; +use std::{num::ParseIntError, collections::{HashSet, BinaryHeap, HashMap}}; + +#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq)] +pub enum ParseError<'a> { + InvalidChar(char), + LineMalformed(&'a str), + NoDestError, + NoStartError, + NoUniqueDestError, + NoUniqueStartError, + ParseIntError(std::num::ParseIntError), +} + +impl From for ParseError<'_> { + fn from(value: ParseIntError) -> Self { + Self::ParseIntError(value) + } +} + +impl Display for ParseError<'_> { + fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result { + match self { + Self::InvalidChar(c) => write!(f, "Invalid Character detected: \"{c}\" is not a valid map item."), + Self::LineMalformed(v) => write!(f, "Line is malformed: {v}"), + Self::NoDestError => write!(f, "Input does not contain a \".\" in its last line"), + Self::NoStartError => write!(f, "Input does not contain a \".\" in its first line"), + Self::NoUniqueDestError => write!(f, "Input contains more than one \".\" in its last line"), + Self::NoUniqueStartError => write!(f, "Input contains more than one \".\" in its first line"), + Self::ParseIntError(e) => write!(f, "Unable to parse into integer: {e}"), + } + } +} + +#[derive(PartialEq, Eq, Hash, Clone, Copy)] +struct Coordinate(usize, usize); + +#[derive(PartialEq, Eq, Hash)] +enum Direction { North, West, East, South, } + +struct Map{ + path: HashSet, + slopes: HashSet<(Coordinate, Direction)>, + start: Coordinate, + dest: Coordinate, +} + +impl<'a> TryFrom<&'a str> for Map { + type Error = ParseError<'a>; + + fn try_from(value: &'a str) -> Result { + let mut path = HashSet::new(); + let mut slopes = HashSet::new(); + + for (y, line) in value.lines().enumerate() { + for (x, c) in line.chars().enumerate() { + match c { + '#' => (), + '.' => _ = path.insert(Coordinate(x, y)), + '^' => _ = slopes.insert((Coordinate(x, y), Direction::North)), + '<' => _ = slopes.insert((Coordinate(x, y), Direction::East)), + '>' => _ = slopes.insert((Coordinate(x, y), Direction::West)), + 'v' => _ = slopes.insert((Coordinate(x, y), Direction::South)), + e => return Err(Self::Error::InvalidChar(e)), + } + } + } + + let first: Vec<_> = path.iter().filter(|c| c.1 == 0).collect(); + let start = match first.len() { + 0 => Err(Self::Error::NoStartError), + 1 => Ok(*first[0]), + _ => Err(Self::Error::NoUniqueStartError), + }?; + + let last: Vec<_> = path.iter().filter(|c| c.1 == value.lines().count()-1).collect(); + let dest = match last.len() { + 0 => Err(Self::Error::NoDestError), + 1 => Ok(*last[0]), + _ => Err(Self::Error::NoUniqueDestError), + }?; + + + Ok(Self{ path, slopes, start, dest }) + } +} + +impl Map { + fn longest_route(&self, steep_slopes: bool) -> usize { + let mut open_set = BinaryHeap::from([SearchState{ len: 0, pos: self.start, visited: HashSet::from([self.start]), }]); + // let mut longest = HashMap::new(); + let mut longest_so_far = 0; + // let mut coming_from = HashMap::new(); + + while let Some(state) = open_set.pop() { + let (len, pos, vis) = (state.len, state.pos, state.visited, ); + if pos == self.dest { + longest_so_far = longest_so_far.max(len); + } + + for neighbour in self.neighbours(pos, steep_slopes) { + // if !path_contains(&coming_from, pos, neighbour.0) && !open_set.iter().any(|p| p.len >= len+neighbour.1 && p.pos == neighbour.0) + if !vis.contains(&neighbour.0) { // && *longest.get(&(pos, neighbour.0)).unwrap_or(&0) <= len+neighbour.1 + let mut visited = vis.clone(); + visited.insert(neighbour.0); + open_set.push(SearchState { len: len+neighbour.1, pos: neighbour.0, visited }); + // longest.insert((pos, neighbour.0), len+neighbour.1); + // coming_from.insert(neighbour.0, pos); + } + } + } + longest_so_far + } + + fn distances(&self) -> Vec> { + let mut res = Vec::new(); + let mut nodes = vec![self.start, self.dest]; + self.path.iter().filter(|n| self.neighbours(**n, false).len() > 2).for_each(|n| nodes.push(*n)); + self.slopes.iter().for_each(|s| nodes.push(s.0)); + + nodes.iter().for_each(|from_node| { + let mut this = Vec::new(); + self.neighbours(*from_node, false).iter().for_each(|n| { + let mut prev = *from_node; + let mut curr = n.0; + let mut len = 1; + loop { + if let Some(to_idx) = nodes.iter().position(|n| n == &curr) { + this.push((to_idx, len)); + break; + } + if let Some(&(next, _)) = self.neighbours(curr, false).iter().find(|&&(next, _)| next != prev) { + len += 1; + prev = curr; + curr = next; + } else { + break; + } + } + }); + res.push(this); + }); + res + } + + + fn neighbours(&self, pos: Coordinate, steep_slopes: bool) -> Vec<(Coordinate, usize)> { + let mut res = Vec::new(); + if pos.0 > 0 && self.path.contains(&Coordinate(pos.0-1, pos.1)) { res.push((Coordinate(pos.0-1, pos.1), 1)); } + if pos.1 > 0 && self.path.contains(&Coordinate(pos.0, pos.1-1)) { res.push((Coordinate(pos.0, pos.1-1), 1)); } + if self.path.contains(&Coordinate(pos.0+1, pos.1)) { res.push((Coordinate(pos.0+1, pos.1), 1)); } + if self.path.contains(&Coordinate(pos.0, pos.1+1)) { res.push((Coordinate(pos.0, pos.1+1), 1)); } + + if steep_slopes { + if pos.0 > 0 && self.slopes.contains(&(Coordinate(pos.0-1, pos.1), Direction::East)) { res.push((Coordinate(pos.0-2, pos.1), 2)); } + if pos.1 > 0 && self.slopes.contains(&(Coordinate(pos.0, pos.1-1), Direction::North)) { res.push((Coordinate(pos.0, pos.1-2), 2)); } + if self.slopes.contains(&(Coordinate(pos.0+1, pos.1), Direction::West)) { res.push((Coordinate(pos.0+2, pos.1), 2)); } + if self.slopes.contains(&(Coordinate(pos.0, pos.1+1), Direction::South)) { res.push((Coordinate(pos.0, pos.1+2), 2)); } + } else { + if pos.0 > 0 && self.slopes.iter().any(|(p, _)| p == &Coordinate(pos.0-1, pos.1)) { res.push((Coordinate(pos.0-1, pos.1), 1)); } + if pos.1 > 0 && self.slopes.iter().any(|(p, _)| p == &Coordinate(pos.0, pos.1-1)) { res.push((Coordinate(pos.0, pos.1-1), 1)); } + if self.slopes.iter().any(|(p, _)| p == &Coordinate(pos.0+1, pos.1)) { res.push((Coordinate(pos.0+1, pos.1), 1)); } + if self.slopes.iter().any(|(p, _)| p == &Coordinate(pos.0, pos.1+1)) { res.push((Coordinate(pos.0, pos.1+1), 1)); } + } + + res + } +} + +#[derive(PartialEq, Eq)] +struct SearchState { + len: usize, + pos: Coordinate, + visited: HashSet, +} + +impl PartialOrd for SearchState { + fn partial_cmp(&self, other: &Self) -> Option { + Some(self.cmp(other)) + } +} + +impl Ord for SearchState { + fn cmp(&self, other: &Self) -> std::cmp::Ordering { + self.len.cmp(&other.len) + } +} + +pub fn run(input: &str) -> Result<(usize, usize), ParseError> { + let map = Map::try_from(input)?; + let first = map.longest_route(true); + let distances = map.distances(); + let second = longest_route(&distances); + Ok((first, second)) +} + +fn longest_route(distances: &[Vec<(usize, usize)>]) -> usize { + let mut longest_so_far = 0; + let mut open_set = vec![vec![0]]; + while let Some(path) = open_set.pop() { + let curr = *path.last().unwrap(); + if curr == 1 { + let len = path.windows(2).map(|w| distances[w[0]].iter().find(|&&(to, _len)| to == w[1]).unwrap().1).sum(); + if len > longest_so_far { + longest_so_far = len; + } + continue; + } + distances[curr].iter().filter(|(n, _)| !path.contains(n)).for_each(|(next, _len)| { + let mut new = path.to_vec(); + new.push(*next); + open_set.push(new); + }); + } + longest_so_far +} + +fn path_contains(path: &HashMap, dest: Coordinate, query: Coordinate) -> bool { + if let Some(&prev) = path.get(&dest) { + if prev == query { + false + } else { + path_contains(path, prev, query) + } + } else { + true + } +} + +#[cfg(test)] +mod tests { + use super::*; + use std::fs::read_to_string; + + fn read_file(name: &str) -> String { + read_to_string(name).expect(&format!("Unable to read file: {name}")[..]).trim().to_string() + } + + #[test] + fn test_sample() { + let sample_input = read_file("tests/sample_input"); + assert_eq!(run(&sample_input), Ok((94, 154))); + } + + #[test] + fn test_challenge() { + let challenge_input = read_file("tests/challenge_input"); + assert_eq!(run(&challenge_input), Ok((2222, 6590))); // >6066 + } +} diff --git a/2023/day23_a_long_walk/tests/challenge_input b/2023/day23_a_long_walk/tests/challenge_input new file mode 100644 index 0000000..438de80 --- /dev/null +++ b/2023/day23_a_long_walk/tests/challenge_input @@ -0,0 +1,141 @@ +#.########################################################################################################################################### +#...###...#...#...#...###.....#...#...#.................#...#.......#.......###.....#.......#...#.....#####...#...#.....#.....###.....#.....# 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