Added Solution for 2023 day 17

2023/day17_clumsy_crucible/challenge.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,123 @@
+The lava starts flowing rapidly once the Lava Production Facility is operational. As you leave, the reindeer offers you a parachute, allowing you to quickly reach Gear Island.
+
+As you descend, your bird's-eye view of Gear Island reveals why you had trouble finding anyone on your way up: half of Gear Island is empty, but the half below you is a giant factory city!
+
+You land near the gradually-filling pool of lava at the base of your new *lavafall*. Lavaducts will eventually carry the lava throughout the city, but to make use of it immediately, Elves are loading it into large [crucibles](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crucible) on wheels.
+
+The crucibles are top-heavy and pushed by hand. Unfortunately, the crucibles become very difficult to steer at high speeds, and so it can be hard to go in a straight line for very long.
+
+To get Desert Island the machine parts it needs as soon as possible, you'll need to find the best way to get the crucible *from the lava pool to the machine parts factory*. To do this, you need to minimize *heat loss* while choosing a route that doesn't require the crucible to go in a *straight line* for too long.
+
+Fortunately, the Elves here have a map (your puzzle input) that uses traffic patterns, ambient temperature, and hundreds of other parameters to calculate exactly how much heat loss can be expected for a crucible entering any particular city block.
+
+For example:
+
+```
+2413432311323
+3215453535623
+3255245654254
+3446585845452
+4546657867536
+1438598798454
+4457876987766
+3637877979653
+4654967986887
+4564679986453
+1224686865563
+2546548887735
+4322674655533
+
+```
+
+Each city block is marked by a single digit that represents the *amount of heat loss if the crucible enters that block*. The starting point, the lava pool, is the top-left city block; the destination, the machine parts factory, is the bottom-right city block. (Because you already start in the top-left block, you don't incur that block's heat loss unless you leave that block and then return to it.)
+
+Because it is difficult to keep the top-heavy crucible going in a straight line for very long, it can move *at most three blocks* in a single direction before it must turn 90 degrees left or right. The crucible also can't reverse direction; after entering each city block, it may only turn left, continue straight, or turn right.
+
+One way to *minimize heat loss* is this path:
+
+```
+2>>34^>>>1323
+32v>>>35v5623
+32552456v>>54
+3446585845v52
+4546657867v>6
+14385987984v4
+44578769877v6
+36378779796v>
+465496798688v
+456467998645v
+12246868655<v
+25465488877v5
+43226746555v>
+
+```
+
+This path never moves more than three consecutive blocks in the same direction and incurs a heat loss of only `*102*`.
+
+Directing the crucible from the lava pool to the machine parts factory, but not moving more than three consecutive blocks in the same direction, *what is the least heat loss it can incur?*
+
+Your puzzle answer was `855`.
+
+\--- Part Two ---
+----------
+
+The crucibles of lava simply aren't large enough to provide an adequate supply of lava to the machine parts factory. Instead, the Elves are going to upgrade to *ultra crucibles*.
+
+Ultra crucibles are even more difficult to steer than normal crucibles. Not only do they have trouble going in a straight line, but they also have trouble turning!
+
+Once an ultra crucible starts moving in a direction, it needs to move *a minimum of four blocks* in that direction before it can turn (or even before it can stop at the end). However, it will eventually start to get wobbly: an ultra crucible can move a maximum of *ten consecutive blocks* without turning.
+
+In the above example, an ultra crucible could follow this path to minimize heat loss:
+
+```
+2>>>>>>>>1323
+32154535v5623
+32552456v4254
+34465858v5452
+45466578v>>>>
+143859879845v
+445787698776v
+363787797965v
+465496798688v
+456467998645v
+122468686556v
+254654888773v
+432267465553v
+
+```
+
+In the above example, an ultra crucible would incur the minimum possible heat loss of `*94*`.
+
+Here's another example:
+
+```
+111111111111
+999999999991
+999999999991
+999999999991
+999999999991
+
+```
+
+Sadly, an ultra crucible would need to take an unfortunate path like this one:
+
+```
+1>>>>>>>1111
+9999999v9991
+9999999v9991
+9999999v9991
+9999999v>>>>
+
+```
+
+This route causes the ultra crucible to incur the minimum possible heat loss of `*71*`.
+
+Directing the *ultra crucible* from the lava pool to the machine parts factory, *what is the least heat loss it can incur?*
+
+Your puzzle answer was `980`.
+
+Both parts of this puzzle are complete! They provide two gold stars: \*\*
+
+At this point, you should [return to your Advent calendar](/2023) and try another puzzle.
+
+If you still want to see it, you can [get your puzzle input](17/input).