From 67a9e89e84b8004bda73004c6f5f17cd7d8cd01b Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Burnus <github@burnus.net>
Date: Tue, 25 Apr 2023 15:57:14 +0200
Subject: [PATCH] Added Solution for 2021 day 13

---
 2021/day13_transparent_origami/Cargo.toml     |   8 +
 2021/day13_transparent_origami/challenge.txt  | 146 ++++
 2021/day13_transparent_origami/src/lib.rs     | 166 ++++
 .../tests/challenge_input                     | 806 ++++++++++++++++++
 .../tests/sample_input                        |  21 +
 5 files changed, 1147 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 2021/day13_transparent_origami/Cargo.toml
 create mode 100644 2021/day13_transparent_origami/challenge.txt
 create mode 100644 2021/day13_transparent_origami/src/lib.rs
 create mode 100644 2021/day13_transparent_origami/tests/challenge_input
 create mode 100644 2021/day13_transparent_origami/tests/sample_input

diff --git a/2021/day13_transparent_origami/Cargo.toml b/2021/day13_transparent_origami/Cargo.toml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6ce0086
--- /dev/null
+++ b/2021/day13_transparent_origami/Cargo.toml
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+[package]
+name = "day13_transparent_origami"
+version = "0.1.0"
+edition = "2021"
+
+# See more keys and their definitions at https://doc.rust-lang.org/cargo/reference/manifest.html
+
+[dependencies]
diff --git a/2021/day13_transparent_origami/challenge.txt b/2021/day13_transparent_origami/challenge.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3b65be5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/2021/day13_transparent_origami/challenge.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,146 @@
+You reach another volcanically active part of the cave. It would be nice if you could do some kind of thermal imaging so you could tell ahead of time which caves are too hot to safely enter.
+
+Fortunately, the submarine seems to be equipped with a thermal camera! When you activate it, you are greeted with:
+
+```
+Congratulations on your purchase! To activate this infrared thermal imaging
+camera system, please enter the code found on page 1 of the manual.
+
+```
+
+Apparently, the Elves have never used this feature. To your surprise, you manage to find the manual; as you go to open it, page 1 falls out. It's a large sheet of [transparent paper](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transparency_(projection))! The transparent paper is marked with random dots and includes instructions on how to fold it up (your puzzle input). For example:
+
+```
+6,10
+0,14
+9,10
+0,3
+10,4
+4,11
+6,0
+6,12
+4,1
+0,13
+10,12
+3,4
+3,0
+8,4
+1,10
+2,14
+8,10
+9,0
+
+fold along y=7
+fold along x=5
+
+```
+
+The first section is a list of dots on the transparent paper. `0,0` represents the top-left coordinate. The first value, `x`, increases to the right. The second value, `y`, increases downward. So, the coordinate `3,0` is to the right of `0,0`, and the coordinate `0,7` is below `0,0`. The coordinates in this example form the following pattern, where `#` is a dot on the paper and `.` is an empty, unmarked position:
+
+```
+...#..#..#.
+....#......
+...........
+#..........
+...#....#.#
+...........
+...........
+...........
+...........
+...........
+.#....#.##.
+....#......
+......#...#
+#..........
+#.#........
+
+```
+
+Then, there is a list of *fold instructions*. Each instruction indicates a line on the transparent paper and wants you to fold the paper *up* (for horizontal `y=...` lines) or *left* (for vertical `x=...` lines). In this example, the first fold instruction is `fold along y=7`, which designates the line formed by all of the positions where `y` is `7` (marked here with `-`):
+
+```
+...#..#..#.
+....#......
+...........
+#..........
+...#....#.#
+...........
+...........
+-----------
+...........
+...........
+.#....#.##.
+....#......
+......#...#
+#..........
+#.#........
+
+```
+
+Because this is a horizontal line, fold the bottom half *up*. Some of the dots might end up overlapping after the fold is complete, but dots will never appear exactly on a fold line. The result of doing this fold looks like this:
+
+```
+#.##..#..#.
+#...#......
+......#...#
+#...#......
+.#.#..#.###
+...........
+...........
+
+```
+
+Now, only `17` dots are visible.
+
+Notice, for example, the two dots in the bottom left corner before the transparent paper is folded; after the fold is complete, those dots appear in the top left corner (at `0,0` and `0,1`). Because the paper is transparent, the dot just below them in the result (at `0,3`) remains visible, as it can be seen through the transparent paper.
+
+Also notice that some dots can end up *overlapping*; in this case, the dots merge together and become a single dot.
+
+The second fold instruction is `fold along x=5`, which indicates this line:
+
+```
+#.##.|#..#.
+#...#|.....
+.....|#...#
+#...#|.....
+.#.#.|#.###
+.....|.....
+.....|.....
+
+```
+
+Because this is a vertical line, fold *left*:
+
+```
+#####
+#...#
+#...#
+#...#
+#####
+.....
+.....
+
+```
+
+The instructions made a square!
+
+The transparent paper is pretty big, so for now, focus on just completing the first fold. After the first fold in the example above, `*17*` dots are visible - dots that end up overlapping after the fold is completed count as a single dot.
+
+*How many dots are visible after completing just the first fold instruction on your transparent paper?*
+
+Your puzzle answer was `653`.
+
+\--- Part Two ---
+----------
+
+Finish folding the transparent paper according to the instructions. The manual says the code is always *eight capital letters*.
+
+*What code do you use to activate the infrared thermal imaging camera system?*
+
+Your puzzle answer was `LKREBPRK`.
+
+Both parts of this puzzle are complete! They provide two gold stars: \*\*
+
+At this point, you should [return to your Advent calendar](/2021) and try another puzzle.
+
+If you still want to see it, you can [get your puzzle input](13/input).
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/2021/day13_transparent_origami/src/lib.rs b/2021/day13_transparent_origami/src/lib.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6110902
--- /dev/null
+++ b/2021/day13_transparent_origami/src/lib.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,166 @@
+use core::fmt::Display;
+use std::num::ParseIntError;
+
+#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq)]
+pub enum ParseError {
+    InputMalformed(String),
+    LineMalformed(String),
+    ParseIntError(std::num::ParseIntError),
+}
+
+impl From<ParseIntError> for ParseError {
+    fn from(value: ParseIntError) -> Self {
+        Self::ParseIntError(value)
+    }
+}
+
+impl Display for ParseError {
+    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
+        match self {
+            Self::InputMalformed(v) => write!(f, "Input is malformed: {v}"),
+            Self::LineMalformed(v) => write!(f, "Line is malformed: {v}"),
+            Self::ParseIntError(e) => write!(f, "Unable to parse into integer: {e}"),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+enum Fold {
+    X(usize),
+    Y(usize),
+}
+
+impl TryFrom<&str> for Fold {
+    type Error = ParseError;
+
+    fn try_from(value: &str) -> Result<Self, Self::Error> {
+        if let Some(value) = value.split_whitespace().nth(2) {
+            if let Some((axis, index)) = value.split_once('=') {
+                match axis {
+                    "x" => Ok(Self::X(index.parse()?)),
+                    "y" => Ok(Self::Y(index.parse()?)),
+                    _ => Err(Self::Error::LineMalformed(value.to_string())),
+                }
+            } else {
+                Err(Self::Error::LineMalformed(value.to_string()))
+            }
+        } else {
+            Err(Self::Error::LineMalformed(value.to_string()))
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+#[derive(PartialEq, Eq, PartialOrd, Ord)]
+struct Point {
+    x: usize,
+    y: usize,
+}
+
+impl TryFrom<&str> for Point {
+    type Error = ParseError;
+
+    fn try_from(value: &str) -> Result<Self, Self::Error> {
+        if let Some((x, y)) = value.split_once(',') {
+            Ok(Self { 
+                x: x.parse()?,
+                y: y.parse()?,
+            })
+        } else {
+            Err(Self::Error::LineMalformed(value.to_string()))
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl Point {
+    fn fold(&mut self, fold: &Fold) {
+        match fold {
+            Fold::X(at) => {
+                    if self.x > *at {
+                        self.x = 2 * *at - self.x;
+                    }
+                },
+            Fold::Y(at) => {
+                    if self.y > *at {
+                        self.y = 2 * *at - self.y;
+                    }
+                },
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+pub fn run(input: &str) -> Result<(usize, String), ParseError> {
+    if let Some((dots, folds)) = input.split_once("\n\n") {
+        let mut dots: Vec<_> = dots.lines().map(Point::try_from).collect::<Result<Vec<_>, _>>()?;
+        let folds: Vec<_> = folds.lines().map(Fold::try_from).collect::<Result<Vec<_>, _>>()?;
+        dots.iter_mut().for_each(|dot| dot.fold(&folds[0]));
+        dots.sort();
+        dots.dedup();
+        let first = dots.len();
+        for fold in folds.iter().skip(1) {
+            dots.iter_mut().for_each(|dot| dot.fold(fold));
+            dots.sort();
+            dots.dedup();
+        }
+        let second = print(&dots);
+        Ok((first, second))
+    } else {
+        Err(ParseError::InputMalformed(String::from("No empty line found")))
+    }
+}
+
+fn print(points: &[Point]) -> String {
+    let x_max = points.iter().map(|p| p.x).max();
+    let y_max = points.iter().map(|p| p.y).max();
+    if let Some(x_max) = x_max {
+        if let Some(y_max) = y_max {
+            (0..=y_max).map(|y| (0..=x_max).map(|x| {
+                let this = Point{ x, y };
+                if points.contains(&this) {
+                    '#'
+                } else {
+                    ' '
+                }
+            }).chain(['\n'].into_iter()).collect::<String>()).collect()
+        } else {
+            String::new()
+        }
+    } else {
+        String::new()
+    }
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::*;
+    use std::fs::read_to_string;
+
+    fn read_file(name: &str) -> String {
+        read_to_string(name).expect(&format!("Unable to read file: {name}")[..]).trim().to_string()
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_sample() {
+        let sample_input = read_file("tests/sample_input");
+        let expected = "
+#####
+#   #
+#   #
+#   #
+#####
+";
+        assert_eq!(run(&sample_input), Ok((17, expected[1..].to_string())));
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_challenge() {
+        let challenge_input = read_file("tests/challenge_input");
+        let expected = "
+#    #  # ###  #### ###  ###  ###  #  #
+#    # #  #  # #    #  # #  # #  # # # 
+#    ##   #  # ###  ###  #  # #  # ##  
+#    # #  ###  #    #  # ###  ###  # # 
+#    # #  # #  #    #  # #    # #  # # 
+#### #  # #  # #### ###  #    #  # #  #
+";
+        assert_eq!(run(&challenge_input), Ok((653, expected[1..].to_string())));
+    }
+}
diff --git a/2021/day13_transparent_origami/tests/challenge_input b/2021/day13_transparent_origami/tests/challenge_input
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b551a62
--- /dev/null
+++ b/2021/day13_transparent_origami/tests/challenge_input
@@ -0,0 +1,806 @@
+527,872
+94,740
+502,586
+33,514
+349,784
+1292,133
+733,623
+305,336
+108,628
+1086,396
+845,128
+674,761
+768,317
+783,154
+731,697
+803,844
+865,96
+1263,567
+1141,141
+1218,644
+1115,429
+951,373
+748,326
+1088,422
+259,673
+885,885
+150,732
+181,19
+182,581
+1130,838
+647,386
+53,140
+27,726
+1198,105
+219,476
+545,779
+234,528
+1042,145
+422,852
+683,726
+636,40
+140,590
+415,824
+415,637
+238,478
+0,347
+1277,380
+1076,366
+984,112
+808,787
+321,480
+576,707
+999,810
+1283,392
+604,606
+610,724
+107,487
+657,497
+258,378
+392,224
+1044,498
+53,754
+706,606
+1191,753
+661,256
+895,637
+1015,373
+455,808
+825,753
+929,835
+581,205
+1236,30
+343,74
+207,813
+547,866
+1005,558
+113,420
+445,4
+562,326
+924,593
+209,621
+1078,42
+1265,798
+923,408
+1082,808
+910,889
+850,408
+1277,268
+984,809
+1191,813
+295,541
+108,826
+705,698
+97,666
+878,33
+1245,240
+1257,140
+1001,416
+252,478
+139,51
+75,732
+925,750
+388,502
+721,703
+509,254
+808,532
+478,386
+349,299
+328,85
+463,210
+254,126
+835,281
+895,569
+850,155
+513,782
+195,465
+1066,155
+119,529
+355,826
+1078,68
+176,350
+459,465
+1077,364
+47,567
+674,40
+169,141
+119,305
+541,485
+1009,642
+1212,894
+537,544
+674,754
+517,616
+25,38
+5,32
+191,572
+700,276
+1004,891
+492,547
+701,516
+65,45
+319,60
+1071,325
+621,575
+1131,834
+185,560
+693,571
+441,140
+157,533
+527,32
+915,221
+1212,780
+1131,501
+463,684
+1169,112
+1299,269
+832,350
+555,733
+1115,476
+432,422
+266,310
+835,393
+105,277
+820,499
+967,820
+63,894
+561,754
+301,642
+668,233
+182,600
+801,640
+502,532
+1134,554
+546,68
+11,625
+373,98
+1082,114
+654,771
+763,28
+92,102
+713,74
+869,409
+855,360
+1277,864
+1083,875
+604,288
+924,301
+11,269
+841,511
+1037,140
+868,670
+759,486
+604,222
+917,464
+1034,512
+806,126
+1004,865
+677,670
+763,866
+1305,862
+681,728
+1251,408
+955,390
+224,119
+465,598
+87,773
+442,670
+492,558
+1019,406
+929,59
+513,560
+1146,323
+947,646
+305,224
+656,632
+952,520
+639,82
+1200,99
+984,206
+951,93
+1283,502
+150,574
+825,164
+432,413
+965,579
+436,740
+445,778
+840,254
+1310,547
+93,759
+299,726
+761,725
+793,558
+1202,826
+1173,822
+951,476
+415,40
+423,226
+405,175
+813,529
+499,451
+254,630
+845,369
+73,653
+234,814
+855,808
+465,318
+12,162
+403,284
+730,478
+907,284
+224,396
+301,520
+186,590
+551,486
+832,116
+773,544
+956,362
+273,140
+234,379
+828,182
+306,865
+1193,574
+176,554
+1175,810
+711,617
+1015,541
+928,644
+426,808
+586,826
+535,753
+1173,72
+301,597
+311,532
+233,493
+838,28
+174,227
+219,110
+597,841
+884,780
+271,102
+65,240
+354,362
+932,522
+652,833
+720,894
+895,824
+371,779
+957,374
+293,799
+169,276
+791,532
+580,416
+711,726
+408,462
+239,396
+1077,135
+754,360
+609,322
+880,119
+497,500
+289,323
+875,784
+239,817
+455,154
+137,72
+1101,768
+212,126
+445,452
+1029,546
+108,68
+610,170
+579,162
+295,521
+1124,369
+797,334
+872,347
+137,822
+1202,266
+649,376
+984,645
+1280,150
+102,870
+485,164
+435,476
+924,28
+1289,819
+760,525
+483,3
+1029,348
+1255,168
+276,382
+808,219
+108,714
+1295,596
+1237,395
+556,222
+996,232
+440,341
+30,150
+349,336
+422,826
+113,754
+801,621
+811,239
+15,364
+748,568
+924,749
+661,638
+45,798
+281,546
+228,114
+359,476
+929,588
+1119,210
+470,254
+415,257
+70,698
+649,862
+999,74
+711,700
+381,140
+1305,704
+313,467
+70,366
+475,393
+1011,826
+945,634
+621,366
+1191,305
+288,728
+346,700
+513,112
+863,81
+883,161
+229,493
+507,396
+383,252
+579,732
+309,864
+324,425
+1163,501
+268,145
+1094,547
+579,396
+438,99
+157,365
+1260,606
+373,49
+266,502
+492,150
+1310,632
+381,59
+499,655
+838,313
+447,813
+420,515
+890,515
+961,670
+855,154
+199,422
+927,102
+1044,502
+1128,742
+408,581
+1223,773
+254,217
+764,628
+325,161
+902,581
+1017,416
+887,226
+1265,96
+1071,396
+535,141
+1265,123
+45,330
+562,120
+706,64
+119,813
+1205,277
+209,871
+753,661
+832,126
+53,280
+93,588
+731,396
+515,619
+473,173
+541,409
+326,533
+1163,53
+1101,452
+1285,297
+754,672
+455,740
+472,600
+1289,147
+960,640
+855,534
+311,74
+1009,252
+504,126
+53,166
+1257,754
+836,56
+758,422
+1173,476
+585,194
+465,185
+830,73
+1007,611
+633,670
+68,516
+1310,85
+955,68
+689,319
+1283,726
+513,334
+426,86
+669,427
+1049,586
+1280,744
+1125,831
+1292,854
+663,386
+1266,618
+748,341
+1148,547
+627,420
+1305,302
+268,637
+746,96
+1252,705
+232,42
+1155,239
+281,378
+351,611
+944,789
+731,249
+1004,193
+666,422
+147,277
+639,805
+991,834
+883,875
+713,841
+33,127
+924,252
+835,255
+1173,542
+355,68
+455,360
+937,116
+475,501
+549,169
+835,396
+18,488
+400,406
+523,877
+556,332
+222,33
+627,392
+301,710
+748,553
+818,150
+545,115
+584,196
+55,168
+870,341
+305,558
+634,451
+601,614
+45,123
+254,406
+393,308
+1101,871
+131,93
+970,662
+801,478
+415,817
+1119,322
+550,77
+1258,486
+1251,486
+224,567
+460,155
+1170,590
+238,416
+358,598
+835,501
+786,774
+353,168
+835,57
+855,740
+507,844
+811,655
+179,639
+1064,761
+633,784
+1029,378
+119,753
+326,85
+599,866
+1021,858
+1082,780
+1076,814
+1031,416
+385,750
+345,579
+233,530
+1078,490
+791,154
+145,142
+1056,453
+922,215
+283,331
+393,464
+1066,739
+117,621
+797,560
+609,798
+705,196
+982,137
+604,560
+957,168
+627,502
+557,681
+1128,600
+604,334
+793,542
+445,871
+386,642
+621,268
+1280,374
+231,226
+191,322
+445,96
+845,576
+1305,592
+218,42
+729,732
+435,110
+445,116
+181,478
+919,558
+525,402
+465,766
+806,574
+55,277
+731,809
+542,553
+753,681
+850,632
+1237,284
+25,616
+1265,330
+229,885
+759,72
+276,512
+472,581
+1233,623
+1216,740
+420,528
+1071,369
+1265,378
+556,534
+373,826
+917,430
+599,617
+475,709
+1310,123
+957,726
+191,292
+701,322
+295,373
+499,443
+65,849
+472,742
+682,793
+562,568
+605,698
+765,779
+865,173
+711,476
+837,875
+599,476
+597,302
+530,56
+730,416
+269,750
+1198,553
+726,196
+455,472
+524,344
+683,882
+1064,313
+431,502
+1130,607
+991,123
+361,543
+507,820
+628,793
+1173,128
+510,537
+65,654
+629,194
+432,33
+827,891
+1114,605
+182,742
+326,137
+1058,478
+962,417
+947,406
+1125,560
+738,267
+633,672
+584,698
+355,56
+227,19
+845,318
+396,378
+676,451
+72,574
+400,5
+542,341
+1163,165
+1098,126
+639,530
+436,404
+910,630
+353,642
+938,612
+884,114
+832,544
+1298,680
+1011,378
+97,213
+306,701
+12,680
+838,581
+1246,558
+1064,252
+937,49
+1108,504
+865,350
+174,362
+1094,347
+1237,205
+269,144
+325,733
+1235,732
+937,68
+1175,740
+803,820
+604,64
+601,140
+402,478
+1260,222
+468,590
+246,194
+305,523
+519,292
+1138,264
+319,834
+127,470
+415,854
+299,378
+959,283
+1223,413
+1081,885
+671,162
+186,369
+311,362
+1213,666
+1131,863
+1212,114
+649,638
+686,374
+723,445
+345,315
+565,823
+30,520
+348,254
+465,576
+801,721
+75,681
+214,117
+910,453
+1305,32
+103,408
+599,194
+580,478
+276,672
+1138,712
+689,864
+233,759
+18,133
+1059,661
+970,232
+962,254
+381,588
+922,663
+301,252
+1242,154
+519,602
+1009,374
+773,423
+117,273
+597,820
+556,0
+246,313
+1015,521
+502,308
+914,378
+82,627
+845,525
+902,462
+372,612
+918,808
+455,870
+1268,616
+517,542
+609,378
+1115,465
+874,42
+1094,795
+895,376
+1115,866
+1086,119
+656,470
+629,408
+1284,101
+105,617
+1266,276
+654,470
+714,136
+392,808
+918,224
+1015,821
+755,161
+1021,323
+1056,217
+1280,520
+87,481
+731,162
+1163,396
+244,155
+1131,498
+137,542
+937,826
+681,821
+
+fold along x=655
+fold along y=447
+fold along x=327
+fold along y=223
+fold along x=163
+fold along y=111
+fold along x=81
+fold along y=55
+fold along x=40
+fold along y=27
+fold along y=13
+fold along y=6
diff --git a/2021/day13_transparent_origami/tests/sample_input b/2021/day13_transparent_origami/tests/sample_input
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..282114c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/2021/day13_transparent_origami/tests/sample_input
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+6,10
+0,14
+9,10
+0,3
+10,4
+4,11
+6,0
+6,12
+4,1
+0,13
+10,12
+3,4
+3,0
+8,4
+1,10
+2,14
+8,10
+9,0
+
+fold along y=7
+fold along x=5